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APA guidelines (7th) ENG: Data Sets reference examples

A detailed explanation of the latest edition of the APA guidelines, with lots of examples. This LibGuide is in English.

Data Set

Data sets consist of research data ('raw data') used in a document for a table, for example.

  • If there is no version number it is omitted.
  • The publication date for published sets is the year of publication and for unpublished sets is the year(s) of collection.

Owner of the data set. (Publication date). Title of data set (Version number) [Data set]. Publisher. Retrieved Month day, year, from http://xxxx or https://xxxx or https://doi.org/xxxx

 

Pew Research Center. (2018). America trends panel Wave 26 [Data set]. Retrieved February 21, 2021, from https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/dataset/american-trends-panel-wave-26/

Parenthetical citation: (Pew Research Center, 2018)

Narrative citation: Pew Research Center (2018)

  • If you are citing existing data or statistics, cite the publication in which the data were published (e.g., a journal article, report, or webpage) rather than the data set itself.

Software or Mobile App

  • Common software (e.g. Word, Excel, Photoshop or SPSS) and mobile apps (e.g. Facebook, Instagram, Twitter) mentioned in the text, but not paraphrased or quoted, do not need citations. Simply give the proper name of the software or app along with version number in the text, if relevant.
Data were analysed with IBM SPSS Statistics (Version 25).

 

  • The publication date of a computer software is the year of publication of the version used;
  • The bracketed description is flexible: [Computer software], [Mobile app], [Apparatus and software];
  • For a mobile app the publisher can be stated as Google Play Store or App Store;
  • To cite a content of a social media app see Social Media.

Author, A. (Publication date). Name of programme (Version number) [Description]. Publisher. Retrieved Month day, year, from http://xxxx of https://xxxxx

 

Koha-community. (2021). Koha Library Software (Version 20.05.09) [Computer software]. Koha. Retrieved February 28, 2021, from https://koha-community.org/

Parenthetical citation: (Koha-community, 2021)

Narrative citation: Koha-community (2021)

 

Impala Studios. (2021). Weather+ (Version 4.11.12) [Mobile app]. Retrieved August 17, 2021,
from https://apps.apple.com/us/app/weather/id404516121

 

Parenthetical citation: (Impala Studios, 2021)
Narrative citation: Impala Studios (2021)

 

Generative AI (for instance ChatGPT)

The APA Style experts are currently collecting as many experiences as possible (including via Twitter) with the aim of formulating an official guideline.

 

For now, the advice is to refer the chatbot in the resources list as follows:

OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT (FWB 13 version) [Large language model]. Accessed March 13, 2023,
from 
https://openai.com/blog/chatgpt/

 

Indicate in the text which part has been generated by ChatGPT. This can be done with a quote or a paraphrase. 
State which "prompt" (command) was given. An example:

ChatGPT (OpenAI, 2023) was used to formulate the problem statement with the prompt “…”.

The “…” section contains the text used for the chatbot.

 

When the text created by ChatGT is included as an attachment, the text only needs to refer to the attachment:

ChatGPT (OpenAI, 2023; see Appendix A) was used to formulate the problem statement.

It is advised to add the text generated by ChatGPT, for example as an attachment. This way, the reader or reviewer of your report can view your content themselves.

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Data Set

Software or Mobile App

Generative AI (for instance ChatGPT)